Apparatus for removing surface metal from metallic bodies



June 4, 1940. J. H. BUCKNAM APPAI RATUS FOR REMOVING SURFACE METAL FROM METALLIC BODIES Filed April 26, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 v 4 W m a 4 June 4, 1940. J. H; BUCKNAM 2,203,211

APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SURFACE METAL FROM METALLIC BODIES Filed April 2a, 1957 2 Sheet s-Sheet 2 11 119 l/ F -7. 7g v Z Q 0 O I Q :7 l i 79 f @O O w 171 E35 FE]; 5' 80 //6 79 f6] 1/5 1/6 INVENTOR.

JAMES H. BUCKNAM ATTORNEY Patented June 4, 1940 UNITED STATES APPARATUS FOR REMOVING SURFACE METAL FROM METALLIC BODIES James H. Bucknam, Cranford, N. J., assignor to The Linda Air Products Company, a corporation of Ohio Application April 26, 1937, Serial No. 139,030

14 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for removing surface defects from metallic bodies, and more particularly to an improved means for projecting gaseous heating and oxidizing jets across a wide path of, or the full width of a surface of a metal body to remove a surface layer of metal therefrom. Y

Billet's, blooms, slabs and similar semi-finished steel shapes are desurfaced to eliminate defects in the surfaces of such shapes and to improve such surfaces for subsequent rolling. Such desurfacing is accomplished by applying a suitable wide oxidizing gas stream obliquely to the heated surface during relative movement of the steel shape and suitable apparatus for applying thereto oxidizing and high temperature heating jets. Heretofore, such apparatus has included a row of blowpipes individually somewhat similar to the oxyacetylene blowpipe used for cutting metals.

Such blowpipes, however, have been independently mounted alongside of each other and carried by a machine which was capable of effecting relative movement between the blowpipes and the work. The surface produced with such an arrangement of blowpipes was not entirely satisfactory, for the channels produced are often too irregular and the ridges left between the paths of each blowpipe may be too prominent. If the individual blowpipes are arranged close enough together in an effort to avoid excessive ridges, the action of the surface of the work on each blowpipe is such that the blowpipes are readily jarred out of adjustment and alignment. The blowpipes are also subject to injury and may be damaged by rough billets which are desurfaced in a steel mill.

A general object of this invention. is to provide an improved desurfacing or surface conditioning apparatus for economically and efficiently removing surface metal from blooms, billets, bars, and the like whereby ridges left on the surface may be constantly and uniformly reduced to an inappreciable height and metal is removed to a substantially even depth. More particular objects of this invention are: to provide means for holding the blowpipe nozzles rigidly in alignment with each other so that they cannot be forcibly displaced from their desired relation; to provide means for holding the nozzles so that they may be maintained in closer relation to each other sothat the streams produced will merge and produce a practically sheetlike desurfacing stream; to provide means for thoroughly protecting the nozzles from injury by rough billets passing the desurfacing device at a rapid rate; to provide a unitary blowpipe head arranged to be detached quickly as a unit from the desurfacing machine so that it may be replaced by another with very little loss of time;

and to provide a means whereby the desired angular relation of the nozzles to each other and to the surface of the work may be maintained fixed and uniform.

The above and other objects and the novel features of this invention will become apparent from the following description taken with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view partly in. section of a desurfacing mechanism according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view showing the key means for securing the mounting plate to the carrier in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4-is a fragmentary plan view of the key means shown in Fig. 3; 9

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary enlarged plan view of the forward end of another form of nozzle shoe according to the invention;

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of another form of desurfacing head according to the invention;

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the head shown in Fig. 6; and

Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the head shown in Fig. 6.

Generally the invention comprises a unitary desurfacing head adapted to be carried and operatively moved by a desurfacing machine, such, for example, as the machine described in Patent No. 2,125,174 of H. W. Jones. The desurfacing head comprises a heavy. walled box-like shoe for enclosing and protecting-one or more blowpipes and having a rear wall adapted for transmitting all shocks received from the bilet surface directly to the sturdy supporting mechanism of the desurfacing machine; a forward wall adapted to hold a row. of nozzles closely spaced in rigid relation to each other and at the desired angle; a bottom portion or bearing wall adapted to ride on the surface of the billet so that the row of nozzleswill always be accurately spaced from the surface being treated; and connecting side walls which complete the shielding and protection for the blowpipes and nozzles. The head is mounted on the desurfacing machine by means permitting rapid removal of the whole unit when desired.

Referring to Fig. l, the box nozzle shoe is generally indicated at H] and a blowpipe in operative position in the shoe at II. The shoe has an open top and comprises a back wall l2, which is secured by four studs 13 to the lower portion of a rectangular mounting plate M. The shoe has a sturdy bottom wall or sole portion I5, the forward part of which rides in contact with or slides along the surface of the billet and is provided with a layer of hard metal I6 of substantial surface area which resists abrasion when subjected to heat, such, for example, as Stellite 4 each other and at the desired acute angle to the surface l6 and thereby to the surface of the work which is indicated at 2|.

It will be seen that the nozzles 20 are completely protected from the effects of heat radiated from. the surface of the work except at their orifice ends and that they are substantially fully protected from contact with the work surface and are not subject to serious injury nor to displacement from their desired relative positions by contacts with projections, such as lumps, fins, and scale on the untreated surface of, the billets or ingots.

All shocks and forces caused by such contacts are not transmitted to the desurfacing machine by the nozzles and the gas supply means I alone but by the box shoe directly to the desurfacing machine through the shoe supporting mechanism. The supporting mechanism. comprises a carrier 22 having a flat forward face against which the plate I4 is held by a mounting stud 23 projecting substantially centrally forward from the face of the carrier through a hole in the plate l4. The stud 23 is provided with a head 24 and a neck 25 of reduced diameter, the head being'spaced from the plate a distance sufiicient to accommodate a locking key 26. The key 26 is forked having two legs 21 whose forward surfaces 28 are tapered so that when the legs 21 are driven under the head 24 they will wedge between the head and the plate I1 so as to secure the plate I! tightly to the face ofthe carrier. The key 26 may be provided with a head projection 29 which may be struck with a hammer to drive it home or to remove it. A projection 39 is secured to the plate l4 below the projection 29 to prevent the key from turning when it is loose.

The carrier 22 is mounted on and carried by a frame 3| by means that permits the carrier to move relative thereto through a limited distance in the vertical direction or toward and from the surface 2| without changing the angular relation between the nozzles and the work surface. This motion is preferably provided by a parallel linkage connection using four links 32 which are pivoted at their forward ends to bearings 33 and 34 projecting rearwardly from. the carrier 22, there being two bearings 33 at the upper corners of the carrier plate and two bearings 34 at the lower corners. The rearward ends of the links 32 are pivoted to corresponding bearings 35 and 36 pro jecting forward from the frame 3|. The upper links 32 are keyed to a horizontal shaft 31 which is journalled in the bearings 35. By turning this shaft, the upper links 32 are rotated and the carrier may be raisedthereby.

Suitable means for turning the shaft is pro vided by means of a crank arm 38 keyed to the mid portion of the shaft 31 and depending downward therefrom. A second crank arm 39 is disposed on the rear side of the frame 3| opposite the crank 38 being keyed to and depending downwardly from. a horizontal transverse shaft 40. A connecting link 4| is pivoted at its ends to the lever 43 is operated to quickly lower or raise the desurfacing head to and from the operating position.

Means is preferably provided to counterbalance the major portion of the weight of the desurfacing head so that the pressure of the shoe riding v on the work surface will not be too great and the head will follow the surface with greater sensitivity to variations. To this end, a set of ten compression springs 44 is provided whose upper ends thrust upwardly against a rearwardly projecting bracket portion 45 of the carrier 22 and whose lower ends thrust downwardly against a spring retainer 46. The spring retainer 46 is supported by a threaded vertical stud or pillar 41 which is adjustably secured for vertical adjustment to a forwardly projecting bottom bracket portion 48 of the frame 3 I. A lock nut 49 is provided on the pillar on the lower side of the bracket 48 to maintain the adjustment setting. The springs are supported and guided by internal rods or tubes 50 which are secured at their lower ends to the retainer 46 and pass slidably through holes provided in the bracket 45.

Stops are provided to limit the degree of motion in both directions. To limit motion upwardly, pins 5| are passed through and secured to the upper end portions of the tubes 50 so as to engage with the bracket 45 when the carrier reaches the extreme upper limit of motion. The stops for the lower limit of motion are provided by the bearing cars 34 whose lower portions engage with the upper surface of the bracket 48.

Referring to Fig. 2, it is seen that the frame 3| has in plan, a channel shaped cross section with forwardly projecting sides 52. These are provided to strengthen and stiffen the frame and to support the bearings 35 and 36 and also the bottom bracket 48. The frame 3| is carried by and secured to the desurfacing machine by pivot or hinge means which {allows the frame and all it carries to swing horizontally and transversely of the billet. Such connection is provided by two pivot bearings 53 which project rearwardly from the frame 3| and are secured thereto in vertical alignment close to one side of the frame, pref- .erably the side on which the lever '43 is disposed. The bearings 53 are journalled on and carried by vertical pivots 54 secured to projecting cars 55 carried by a desurfacing machine or supporting mechanism. The desurfacing machine is not shown in the interests of clearness of the drawings since it forms no part of the present invention. Such a machine provides the necessary relative movement of' the frame at the proper speed longitudinally of the billet 2| and may also provide a transverse adjustment of the frame with respect to the billet for positioning the shoe I9 over the billet and a vertical adjustment to adjust the vertical position of the shoe accordingto the height of the billet. Such a machine preferably also provides means for biasing the frame 3| in a direction transversely of the billet about the axis of the pins 54 so that a side guide shoe 56 may be maintained in contact with one side of the billet whereby the shoe III will be always maintained in the desired alignment over the billet irrespective of lateral variations there of, The side guide shoe is secured to the end of side walls I8 and I9 by screws II.

a forwardly and downwardly projecting, arm 51 of the bracket 48.

The nozzles 20 each have an oxidizing gas passage adapted to produce an oxidizing gas stream having a relatively large volume and a velocity suitable for removing surface metal. They are also preferably provided with an "auxiliary passage or passages for projecting heating flames which can be used to heat a portion of surface metal to the ignition temperature for starting a desurfacing cut and for aiding thedesurfacing reaction as it progresses over the surface to be removed. The oxygen passages may be supplied with gas from a single supply pipe by a mani folding header to which each nozzle is attached. The heating gas passages may likewise be supplied by a single supply passage by suitable manifolding connections. However, since it is preferable to supply a mixture of fuel gas with oxygen for the heating flames, a blowpipe means for mixing the gases in the proper proportions may be provided. One such mixing blowpipe may supply all the nozzles or one blowpipe may be provided for one or more groups of nozzles. Likewise more than one oxygen supply passage may be arranged to feed the oxygen passages of the nozzles, but the number of oxygen supply passages and the number of heating gas mixture supplying blowpipes may be different and independent of each other. 7

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a separate blowpipe II to supply each nozzle 20 is shown. The blowpipes II are long, substantially rectangular in cross section, and are narrow in width to permit close side by side spacing. The blowpipes have a lower block 58 to which a nozzle 20 is secured so that its oxidizing gas passage and heating gas passage connect with suitable corresponding passages in the blowpipe. The blowpipes also have an upper block 59 to which flexible supply conduits 60, BI, 62, 63, and 64 are connected as follows: The conduit 60 supplies fuel gas, conduit 6| supplies oxygen for admixture with the fuel gas, conduit 62 supplies the desurfacing oxygen, and the conduits 63 and 64 are cooling water supply and discharge conduits respectively.

All the acetylene supply conduits of the blowpipes may be supplied from a single manifold so that if it is desired to quickly remove the whole desurfacing head from the carrier only one acetylene conduit coupling to the manifold need be separated. Similarly, the conduits for each supply may be manifoldcd for a like purpose. The lower end of each blowpipe is secured in the shoe II! in a quick detachable manner by means of a pin 65 projecting downward from a bracket '56 secured to the lower portion of the rear edge of the blowpipe. The pins fit within holes bored in a boss 61 projecting from the bottom I5 of the shoe. The forward edge of each blowpipe has a bracket 68 near its lower end to which is secured a vertically projecting pin 69 and all the pins 69 fit within holes in a horizontal retaining bar I having end portions secured to the top of the The upper portions of the blowpipes are secured to the plate I4 by screws I2 which hold brackets I3 pro'jecting from the rear edge of each blowpipe to a horizontal angle iron I4 secured to the forward face of the plate.

;The embodiment shown in Figs. 6 and '7 employs blow-pipes III of a smaller and more compact construction, thereby permitting a closer spacing of the blowpipes and consequently a closer arrangement of the nozzles 20 whereby a. more nearly sheetlike desurfacing gas stream may be produced. This form of the invention is more particularly suitable for use with desurfacing machines where the box shoe is applied to sides of the work which are not horizontal. The blowpipes III have connections for supply conduits at their upper portions where connection I60 receives fuel gas, I6I receives oxygen for admixture with the fuel gas, I62 receives the desurfacing oxygen, and connections I63 and I64 receive and discharge the cooling water.

The nozzles are mounted in the box shoe in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 1. The blowpipe I II being short, however, no direct attachment to the mounting plate is required. The forward portion of the blowpipe has a projecting part I68 which carries the pin I69, the pin being retained in its socket by a set screw 16. The pins I69 pass into holes in bar I10 which is secured to a niche in the upper edge of the side walls H8 and H9 by screws Ill. The rear edge of each blowpipe has a bracket 11 secured thereto, the lower end of which bracket carries the downwardly projecting pin I65 that enters the hole 18 in the bottom II of the shoe, and the upper end of which is provided with an arm 19 that projects therefrom rearwardly over the top edge of the back wall H2 and is secured thereto by a screw 80. The back wall of the box shoe is provided with suitable holes 86 to admit screws or bolts for securing the box shoe to a mounting plate.

It will be seen that the blowpipes and nozzles are not disposed parallel to each other but are inclined toward each other at angles which increase as the distance outward from the central blowpipe increases. The reason for such arrangement and the result attained thereby is disclosed in Patent No. 2,125,179 of E. A. Doyle. With the present arrangement of the box nozzle shoe, a compact and closer spacing of the tips of the nozzles is obtained. More nozzles of a smaller diameter may be provided in the row so as to produce individual streams which merge and produce overlapping channels in thesurface of the work. The ridges between the channels are therefore very small and the depth of surface removal is more uniform which insures that no defects will remain due to insufiicient depth of removal. The bottom of the shoe has an external plane surface area which is coated with a layer of hard surfacing material II6, preferably applied as shown in Fig, 8, where the hard surfacing forms a band 8| across the forward edge which joins four strips 82 extending rearwardly from the band 8|. This provides adequate resistance to abrasion and is economical in the use of the hard surfacing material.

In certain instances, it is not desirable to have the nozzles 20 toe inward but they may be arranged to be parallel. But where the height of the ridges between channels must be reduced to the minimum and where the slag produced by the desurfacing action is to be washed toward one side only, it is found advantageous to arrange the nozzles at a constant lateral angle with the forward direction or direction in which the desurfacing head is moved in operation. Such an arrangement will be clear by reference to Fig. 5 which shows the forward portion of the bottom 2I5 of a box nozzle shoe. Seven channels 83 are provided for receiving and holding nozzles. Corresponding channels are formed in the nozzle retaining block which is similar to block I! and is removed to expose the channels 83. The channels B3 are parallel to each other and are at a constant angle to the forward edge of the shoe. A suitable value of this angle for good results has been found to be 86". Such an angle provides, gas streams which sweep laterally a sufficient amount to reduce the height of ridge between the channels a substantial amount.

In operation, to desurface an upper face of a billet, the desurfacing machine is adjusted to move the shoe into position in alignment with, and riding on the top face of the billet, and with the forward corner of the shoe near the end of the billet. The lever 43 is temporarily held in this position and the machine adjusted to move the shoe relatively to the billet in a backward direction and off the endof the surface until the nozzles 20 are opposite the end corner of the billet and preheating flames are projected on the corner until the metal reaches the ignition temperature. When this temperature is reached, which occurs in a short time depending on the initial temperature of the whole billet which may be hot or cold, the oxidizing gas is applied and the machine or the billet is put into longitudinal motion so that the shoe traverses the surface longitudinally at the proper speed to remove a layer of metal of the desired depth. During such movement, the shoe l0 rides or slides on the surface and follows all irregularities, maintaining the nozzles in the desired relation. The lateral guide shoe 56, being urged toward the side of the billet by the transverse bias of the frame 3| causes the shoe II) to follow variations in the lateral straightness of the billet. Such guide shoe however may also be attached directly to the side wall of the box nozzle shoe. The lever 43 is operated at the end of the pass to raise the shoe ID for the return stroke. The number of nozzles in use may be varied according to the width of the face to be desurfaced; for example, the desurfacing head shown in Figs. 1 and 2 may 'desurface an 8 inch wide face with seven nozzles in use, but to desurface a 6 inch wide face, the two outer nozzles are not used. Where very wide surfaces are to be treated in more than one pass, it is preferable to use the form of box shoe shown in Fig. 5, the first pass being made along the right edge of the surface and the second made adjacent the left side of the first pass so that slag is preferably projected over the unfinished surface portion. The side guide 56 is not necessary for such multi-pass desurfacing.

When it is desired to remove the box nozzle shoe assembly from the desurfacing apparatus to quickly replace it with another, for example, when a billet of different width is to be treated or when the nozzles are to be cleaned, the gas and water supply hose couplings are disconnected and the key 26 knocked out, when the mounting plate, box nozzle shoe and blowpipes may be removed as a unit. This rapid change is important in steel mill operations, particularly when the desurfacing device is treating billets passing from one rolling operation to another.

When working on hot billets, the box nozzle shoe is preferably provided with cooling means. This cooling means may be part of the cooling system of the gas supplying device, or may be provided by water sprays which are directed on the portions of the nozzles within the box nozzle shoe. To this end the cooling fluid discharged at 64 from one or more of the blowpipes ll may be conducted by a tube or tubes 64' which extend downwardly along the blowpipes to a point within the walls ofthe shoe directly above the nozzles 20, the lower end of the tubes 64' being directed so as to spray the cooling fluid against the nozzles. By this means, both the box and nozzles are effectively cooled without affecting the heating flames or desurfacing reaction. Packing gaskets 84 are provided around each nozzle to prevent the water from escaping along the nozzle and the water is caused to' overflow through a hole in the rear portion of the side wall of the box at the desired level.

While the various features of the apparatus are shown and described in detail to fully disclose certain desirable embodiments of the invention, it will be clear that various-changes may be made in such details and some features or parts may be used independently of others, without departing from the principles of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. Blowpipe apparatus comprising, in combination a blowpipe having a nozzle at one end thereof, and a box-like protecting shoe enclosing at least saidend of said blowpipe and substantially completely enclosing said nozzle except the orifice end thereof, said shoe having a bottom wall and side walls, said bottom wall being provided with an external'surfaee portion of substantial area adapted to ride on a work surface, one of said side walls being of substantial thickness and having a passagetherethrough, said blowpipe betion such that said nozzle extends from within the shoe into said passage, and the external crossseetional dimensions of said nozzle being substantially equal to the cross-sectional dimensions of said passage whereby the filled by the nozzle.

2. Blowpipe apparatus comprising, in combination a blowpipe having a nozzle at one end thereof, and a box-like protecting shoe enclosing at least said end of said blowpipe and substantially completely enclosing said nozzle except the orifice end thereof, said shoe having walls forming a chamber adapted to receive a cooling fluid for cooling said shoe, the portion of the blowpipe therein and said nozzle, said nozzle having a porpassage is substantially tion disposed in a passage through a wall of said thereof, and a box-like'protecting shoe having walls enclosing at least said end of said blowpipe and substantially completely enclosing said nozzle except the orifice end thereof, one wall of said shoe being detachable and having a recess in one edge, and another wall of said shoe having a recess cooperating with the first-named recess to provide an opening to receive a portion of said nozzle and expose the orifice end of the nozzle to discharge gas from the latter outside said shoe.

4. Blowpipe apparatus comprising, in combination, a blowpipe having a nozzle at one end thereof, and a box-like protecting shoe having walls enclosing at least said end of said blowpipe and substantially'completely enclosing said nozzle except the orifice end thereof, the bottom wall of said shoe having a recess adjacent its front edge, and the front wall of the shoe being detachable and having a recess at its inner edge cooperating with the recess in the bottom wall to clamp a portion of said nozzle in the opening formed by said cooperating recesses and to expose the orifice end of said nozzle adjacent the outer end of said opening.

5. Surface conditioning apparatus comprising, in combination, nozzle means constructed and arranged to deliver a sheet-like stream of gas obliquely against the surface of a metal body; and a box-like metal shoe for holding said nozzle means at a desired angular relation to said surface and for enclosing substantially the entire nozzle means except the orifice portion thereof from which gas is discharged, said shoe having a row of recesses in one wall, a detachable wall having a corresponding row of recesses, said rows of recesses cooperating to provide a row of openings extending from the inside to the outside of said shoe; and said nozzle means having a plurality of separate nozzles severally extending from the inside of said shoe into said openings, whereby said nozzles are protected and maintained in fixed relation to each other.

6. A nozzle holding and protecting device comprising a box-like metal shoe having walls including a bottom wall, said bottom wall being provided with an external plane surface portion of substantial area adapted to ride on a work surface, at least one of said walls being adapted .for securing the shoe to a support, said shoe also having one or more nozzle-receiving openings extending from the inside to the outside thereof,

said openings being adjacent the bottom wall of the shoe and having their axes arranged at acute angles with respect to the plane of said surface portion. 7

7. Surface conditioning apparatus comprising, in combination, nozzle means constructed and arranged to deliver a sheet-like stream of gas obliquely against the surface of a metal body; and a box-like shoe for holding said nozzle means at a desired angular relation to said surface and for enclosing substantially the entire nozzle means except the orifice portion thereof from which gas is discharged, said shoe having a wall provided with a plurality of openings extending through said wall and adjacent to the front edge of said shoe, theaxes of some or all of said openings being inclined to said front edge; and said nozzle means having a plurality of separate nozzles severally extending from the inside of said shoe into said openings.

8. A nozzle holding and protecting device comprising a box-like metal shoe having a rear wall adapted to be secured to a support, and also having one or more nozzle-receiving openings extending from the inside to the outside of said shoe adjacent to its front corner formed by the front and bottom walls of the shoe.

9. A nozzle holding and protecting device comprising a box-like metal shoe having a rear wall adapted to be secured to a support, a bottom wall adapted to slidingly engage the surface of the work, and a front wall removably secured to the shoe. said bottom and front walls having cooperating portions'to provide one or more nozzlereceiving openings extending from the inside to.

opening extending therethrough adjacent said external portion of said bearing wall; and a blowpipe detachably secured to said shoe and having a nozzle projecting therefrom into said opening, at least the nozzle end of said blowpipe and said nozzle being entirely enclosed within the walls of said shoe except the orifice end of said nozzle from which gas is discharged.

11. Blowpipe apparatus comprising, a carrier adjustable relatively to a surface of the work to be operated upon; a box-like shoe secured to said carrier, and having relatively rigid walls forming an enclosure including a front wall and a bearing wall adjoining said front wall, said bearing wall having an external portion adjacent said front wall of substantial surface area constructed and arranged to ride on said work surface, and

said front wall having an opening extending therethrough adjacent said external portion of said bearing wall; and a blowpipe secured within said shoe and having a nozzle projecting therewall adjoining said front wall, said bearing wall having an external portion adjacent said front wall constructed and arranged to engage and slide along said work surface, and said front wall having an opening extending therethrough adjacent said bearing wall; and a blowpipe secured within said shoe and having a nozzle projecting therefrom into said opening, said blowpipe and said nozzle being entirely enclosed within the walls of said shoe except the orifice end of said nozzle from which gas is discharged; means for sealing the joint between said nozzle and said front wall to prevent the escape of cooling fluid through said opening; and means for supplying cooling fluid to the enclosure formed by the walls of said shoe.

13. A nozzle holding and protecting device comprising a box-like relatively thick metal shoe having walls including a front wall, at least one of said walls being adapted for securing said shoe to a support, at least one of said walls adjoining said front wall having an external surface portion arranged at an obtuse dihedral angle to said front wall and adapted for riding on the surface of the work, said front wall having at least one nozzlereceiving passage extending from the inside to the outside thereof, the outside end of said passage being adjacent said surface portion of the wall that is arranged for riding on the work.

14. A nozzle holding and protecting device comprising a box-like relatively thick metal shoe having walls including a front wall, at least one of said walls being adapted for securing said shoe to a support, at least one of said walls adjoining said front wall having an external plane surface portion constructed and arranged for'riding .on the surface of the work, saidv front wall having at least one nozzle-receiving passage extending from the inside to the outside thereof, the outside end of said passage being adjacent said external surface portion of the wall that is arranged for riding on the work, and the main axis of said passage being inclined at an acute angleto the plane of said external portion.

JAMES H. BUCKNAM. l6 

